Maths - Binomial Theorem


\[(a + b)^12\]

What would you use to expand this?


The binomial theorem.

What is the $r$-th term in the binomial expansion of $(a + b)^n$?


\[\left(\begin{matrix} n \\\\ r \end{matrix}\right) a^n b^{n - r}\]
\[1 \quad 5 \quad 10 \quad 10 \quad 5 \quad 1\]

What is the next row of Pascal’s triangle?


\[1 \quad 6 \quad 15 \quad 20 \quad 15 \quad 6 \quad 1\]

What does the $n$-th row of Pascal’s triangle start with (ignoring the top)?


\[1 \quad n\]

What are the coefficients for $(a + b)^3$?


\[1 \quad 3 \quad 3 \quad 1\]

What is $(a + b)^3$?


\[a^3 + 3a^2b + 3ab^2 + b^3\]
\[\left(\begin{matrix} 8 \\ 3 \end{matrix}\right)\]

Because of the symmetry property, what is this equal to?


\[\left(\begin{matrix} 8 \\\\ 5 \end{matrix}\right)\]
\[\left(\begin{matrix} n \\ r \end{matrix}\right)\]

Because of the symmetry property, what is this equal to?


\[\left(\begin{matrix} n \\\\ n-r \end{matrix}\right)\]

What would be the expression for working out the $x^3$ term of $(2x + 6)^7$?


\[\left(\begin{matrix} 7 \\\\ 3 \end{matrix}\right) (2x)^3 (6)^4\]

2021-10-14

What is the formula for $(1 + x)^n$ where $ \vert x \vert < 1$?


\[1 + nx + \frac{n(n-1)}{2!}x^2 + \frac{n(n-1)(n-2)}{3!}x^3 + ... + \frac{n(n-1)(n-2)...(n-(r-1))}{r!}x^r\]

Why does the result

\[(1 + x)^n \equiv 1 + nx + \frac{n(n-1)}{2!}x^2 + ...\]

hold when $n > 1$ even though the sequence is infinite?


Because you get $0$ in the numerator for later terms and so they disappear.

What is the $x^2$ term in the formula for $(1 + x)^n$?


\[\frac{n(n-1)}{2!} x^2\]

What is the $x^7$ term in the formula for $(1 + x)^n$?


\[\frac{n(n-1)(n-2)(n-3)(n-4)(n-5)(n-6)}{7!} x^7\]

When is the expansion for

\[(1 + x)^n\]

valid?


\[|x| < 1\]

When is the expansion for

\[(1 + 4x)^n\]

valid?


\[|x| < \frac{1}{4}\]

When is the approximation for

\[(1 + x)^n\]

the best?


When the values of $x$ are small.

2021-10-22

What is

\[(a + bx)^n\]

equivalent too?


\[a^n\left( 1 + \frac{b}{a}x \right)^n\]

How would you tackle finding the binomial expansion for

\[\frac{4 - 5x}{(1 + x)(2 - x)}\]

?


Use partial fractions.

2022-01-11

How would you tackle finding the binomial expansion for

\[\sqrt{\frac{1-x}{1+4x}}\]

?


Treat it as $(1-x)^{\frac{1}{2}}(1+4x)^{-\frac{1}{2}}$ and multiply the expansions together.




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